Arctic Blast Poses Deadly Heart Risks During Snow Shoveling, Warns American Heart Association

The impending Arctic blast forecast to sweep across the United States this week brings more than just sub-zero temperatures and heavy snow; it carries a serious threat to heart health, according to medical experts. The American Heart Association warns that the physical exertion of shoveling snow in extreme cold can be deadly, increasing the risk of heart attack or sudden cardiac arrest. Research compiled by the Association identifies snow shoveling among physical activities that place extra stress on the heart, particularly for those unaccustomed to regular exercise. Dr. Stacey E. Rosen, volunteer president of the American Heart Association, compares the strain to a treadmill stress test. "That strain combined with the arctic cold expected this winter could lead to a heart-related emergency - especially for those who aren't physically fit or people with existing heart conditions," Rosen stated.

The physiological dangers are multifaceted. Shoveling is primarily arm work, which is harder on the heart than leg work. The action of lifting heavy snow often causes people to hold their breath unconsciously, spiking heart rate and blood pressure. Simultaneously, cold air constricts blood vessels throughout the body, raising blood pressure further and tightening coronary arteries. This combination creates a perfect storm for cardiovascular events. Individuals with cardiovascular risk factors face heightened danger. These include a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, smoking history, diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or a prior heart attack, stroke or other cardiac condition. The Association strongly recommends that people with known or suspected heart disease avoid shoveling altogether and arrange for someone else to handle snow removal.

For those who must shovel, experts offer specific safety recommendations. Starting gradually, pacing oneself, and covering the mouth and nose are crucial. Wearing layered clothing, a hat, and gloves provides essential protection. Pushing or sweeping snow involves less exertion than lifting and throwing it. Wind intensifies the cold's effects on the body, requiring extra caution. When possible, using an automated snow blower is preferable, as research indicates it doesn't raise heart rate as dramatically as manual shoveling. Recognizing emergency signs is vital. The Association urges everyone to learn the common signs of a heart attack and stroke. Symptoms requiring immediate cessation of activity include chest pain or pressure, lightheadedness, heart palpitations, or irregular heart rhythms. If symptoms persist after stopping, calling 9-1-1 is essential. If someone collapses while shoveling and is unresponsive with no pulse, bystanders should call for help and begin Hands-Only CPR. More information about cold weather and cardiovascular disease is available at https://www.heart.org.

Additional scientific context comes from the American Heart Association's 2020 scientific statement, https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000749, which details exercise-related cardiovascular risks. Further research, including a Journal of the American Medical Association manuscript on https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2674039, has documented the cardiac demands of heavy snow shoveling over the years. These findings underscore that this seasonal chore is not merely strenuous but potentially life-threatening for many Americans facing this week's severe weather.